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| GI'98 Online Papers |
Animating Sand, Mud, and Snow
Abstract
Computer animations often lack the subtle environmental changes that
should occur due to the actions of the characters. Squealing car
tires usually leave no skid marks, airplanes rarely leave jet trails
in the sky, and most runners leave no footprints. In this paper, we
describe a simulation model of ground surfaces that can be deformed
by the impact of rigid body models of animated characters. To
demonstrate the algorithms, we show footprints made by a runner in
sand, mud, and snow as well as bicycle tire tracks, a bicycle crash,
and a falling runner. The shapes of the footprints in the three
surfaces are quite different, but the effects were controlled
through only five essentially independent parameters. To assess the
realism of the resulting motion, we compare the simulated footprints
to video footage of human footprints in sand.
The Paper
Compressed Postscript file
(1029 Kb)
Aliens in Sand
(136 Kb)
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